Other Proteins

PCAF is a protein that shows homology to the yeast GCN5 and associates with p300/CBP. PCAF has in vitro and in vivo binding activity with CBP and p300, and competes with E1A for binding sites in p300/CBP (1). PCAF encodes a predicted 832-amino acid protein that showed by RNA blotting to be expressed in all tissues, most strongly in heart and skeletal muscle. PCAF has histone acetyl transferase activity with core histones and nucleosome core particles, indicating that this protein plays a direct role in transcriptional regulation. PCAF is required for MyoD activity and muscle differentiation. PCAF directly acetylated MyoD which then displays an increased affinity for its DNA target (2). PCAF Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Acetyl/Methyltransferase Proteins, Cancer, Cell Cycle, and NfkB Pathway research.

PCNA is a nuclear protein whose appearance correlates with the proliferative state of the cells and is a cofactor of DNA polymerase delta. PCNA is a homotrimer and helps increase the processivity of leading strand synthesis during DNA replication. In response to DNA damage, PCNA is ubiquitinated and is involved in the RAD6-dependent DNA repair pathway. Immunofluorescence studies have shown that p300 may play a role in DNA repair synthesis through its interaction with PCNA. In vitro and in vivo p300 forms a complex with PCNA that does not depend on the S phase of the cell cycle and stimulates DNA synthesis in vitro (1). PCNA interacts with the Williams syndrome transcription factor (WSTF) allowing it to target to DNA replication foci, that then allows recruitment of SNF2H (2). PCNA Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Acetyl/Methyltransferase Proteins, Cancer, Cell Cycle, ERK/MAPK Pathway, and WNT Signaling research.

PCTK1 or Pctaire protein kinase 1 belongs to the CDC2/CDKX subfamily of the Ser/Thr family of protein kinases which play a main role in signal transduction cascades in terminally differentiated cells, in exocytosis and in transport of secretory cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum. PCTK1 is ubiquitously expressed with the highest levels detected in the brain and testis (1). PCTK1 maps distal to the t(X;18) synovial sarcoma breakpoint in Xp11.23. A 420-kb YAC clone positive for PCTK1 also contained the gene coding for ubiquitin-activating enzyme UBE1 previously mapped to Xp11.3. (2). PCTK1 is thought to escape X inactivation. PCTK1 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Cellular Proteins, Cancer, Cell Cycle, and Ser/Thr Kinases research.

PDE6C or phosphodiesterase 6C, cGMP-specific, cone, alpha prime encodes the alpha-prime subunit of cone phosphodiesterase, which is composed of a homodimer of two alpha-prime subunits and 3 smaller proteins of 11, 13, and 15 kDa. PDE6C protein consists of 22 exons spanning approximately 48 kb of genomic DNA. The intron-exon structure of human PDE6C is very similar to that of rod PDE6B (1). A homologous genetic basis of the murine cpfl1 mutant and human achromatopsia linked to mutations in the PDE6C gene and mutations in PDE6C are associated with cone dystrophy type 4 (COD4) (2). PDE6C Protein is ideal to investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Cellular Proteins, Cardiovascular Disease, and Inflammation research.

PDHA1 pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 1 is a member of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. PDHA1 is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial multienzyme complex which catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO (2), and provides the primary link between glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle . PDHA1 plays a critical role in the brain that usually obtains all of its energy from the aerobic oxidation of glucose (1). Mutations in the PDHA1 are associated with pyruvate dehydrogenase E1-alpha deficiency and X-linked Leigh syndrome (2). PDHA1 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Reagents, Protein Substrates, Apoptosis/Autophagy, Inflammation, Metabolic Disorder, and Ser/Thr Kinases research.

PFTK1, also known as PFTAIRE protein kinase 1, is a member of the CDC2 -related protein kinase family which is expressed primarily in the postnatal and adult nervous system (1). PFTK1 is highly expressed in brain, pancreas, kidney, heart, testis, and ovary. PFTK1 interacts with 14-3-3-beta, 14-3-3-epsilon, 14-3-3-eta and 14-3-3-tau. Using PFTK1 mutant constructs and in vitro and in vivo binding studies, it was shown that PFTK1 amino acid residue ser119 is required for its interaction with all four 14-3-3 isoforms. (2). Significant upregulation of PFTK1 expression is observed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). PFTK1 is not only useful as a prognostic marker in ESCC, but also as a predictor of the response to chemotherapy. PFTK1 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Cellular Proteins, Cancer, Cell Cycle, and Ser/Thr Kinases research.

PHLPP2 or PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 is the important regulators of Akt serine-threonine kinases and conventional/novel protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms. PHLPP1 and PHLPP2 differentially regulated AKT signaling by selectively dephosphorylating the hydrophobic motifs of AKT2 or AKT3. PHLPP may act as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer due to its ability to block growth factor-induced signaling in cancer cells. PHLPP2 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Cellular Proteins, AKT/PKB Pathway, Cancer, Phosphatases, and PKA/PKC Pathway research.

PI3K (p55 gamma) also known as PI3K regulatory subunit 3 (PIK3R3) was first identified by 2-hybrid system as a protein that bind to the intracellular domain of IGF1R. PIK3R3 contains 2 Src homology-2 (SH2) domains, an inter-SH2/p110-binding site and a proline-rich motif. PIK3R3 transcript is detected in all fetal and adult tissues except peripheral blood leukocytes. Expression is low in adult liver and most abundant in adult testis. PIK3R3 can bind IGF1R, INSR, and INSR substrate-1 in vitro and the binding requires receptor activation (1). PI3K (p55 gamma) Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Cellular Proteins, AKT/PKB Pathway, Angiogenesis, Apoptosis/Autophagy, Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, Inflammation, Invasion/Metastasis, Lipid Kinases, Metabolic Disorder, Neurobiology, NfkB Pathway, and WNT Signaling research.

PIK3R1 is a Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase phosphorylates the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol at the 3-prime position which comprises a 110 kD catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit of either 85, 55, or 50 kD and it encodes the 85 kD regulatory subunit. PIK3R1 protein associates with activated growth factor receptors. p85-alpha modulates the interaction between PI3 kinase and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (1). PI3K plays an essential role in the development and induction of mast cells in normal and pathogenic immune responses (2).Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase plays an important role in the metabolic actions of insulin, and a mutation in this gene has been associated with insulin resistance. PI3K (p65 alpha) Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Cellular Proteins, AKT/PKB Pathway, Angiogenesis, Apoptosis/Autophagy, Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, Inflammation, Invasion/Metastasis, Lipid Kinases, Metabolic Disorder, Neurobiology, NfkB Path