Other Proteins

TPX2 is a nuclear proliferation-associated protein whose expression is restricted to cell cycle phases S, G2, and M (1). It mainly expressed in the lung carcinoma cell lines and also found in adult placenta, skeletal muscle, thymus, testis, and small intestine and in fetal brain, liver, and kidney.TPX2 is required for targeting STK6 to the spindle apparatus, and that STK6 may regulate the function of TPX2 during spindle assembly. TPX2 functions mainly in mitotic spindle assembly and likely contributes to its role in chromosome stability control and tumor suppression (2). TPX2 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Microtubule/Actin Associated Proteins, Apoptosis/Autophagy, Cancer, Cell Cycle, Invasion/Metastasis, and Neurobiology research.

TRDMT1 is responsible for the methylation of aspartic acid transfer RNA, specifically at the cytosine-38 residue in the anticodon loop. TRDMT1 also possesses residual DNA-(cytosine-C5) methyltransferase activity. While similar in sequence and structure to DNA cytosine methyltransferases, TRDMT1 is distinct and highly conserved in its function among various species. The indirect sequence recognition is also a feature of eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases, which may have arisen from a DNMT2-like RNA methyltransferase (1). DNMT2 is involved in retrotransposon silencing and telomere integrity in somatic cells (2). TRDMT1 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Acetyl/Methyltransferase Proteins, Apoptosis/Autophagy, Cancer, Cell Cycle, and Neurobiology research.

TRIM32 or tripartite motif containing 32 is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family whose members are involved in diverse cellular functions such as developmental patterning and oncogenesis. TRIM32 localizes to cytoplasmic bodies and nucleus, where it interacts with the activation domain of the HIV-1 Tat protein that activates transcription of HIV-1 genes. TRIM32 is a regulator of dysbindin and mutations in TRIM32 may impair substrate ubiquitination (1). Deficiency of TRIM32 may involve both neurogenic and myogenic characteristics (2). TRIM32 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Ubiquitin Proteins, Angiogenesis, Apoptosis/Autophagy, Cancer, Cell Cycle, Cellular Stress, Inflammation, Invasion/Metastasis, and Neurobiology research.

Troponin1 is a member of the tropomyosin family and regulates the calcium sensitivity of the myofibril contractile apparatus of striated muscles. Troponin1 is part of a complex with troponin T and troponin C in which Troponin1 acts as an inhibitory subunit that blocks actin-myosin interactions and thereby mediates striated muscle relaxation (1). Troponin1 is expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle during early development but is restricted to slow-twitch skeletal muscle fibers in adults. The Troponin1 protein prevents muscle contraction by inhibiting calcium-mediated conformational changes in actin-myosin complexes (2). Troponin1 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Microtubule/Actin Associated Proteins, and Cardiovascular Disease research.

TSSK3 is a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the subfamily of testis-specific kinases 3 which expressed exclusively in the testis that is thought to play a main role in either germ cell differentiation or mature sperm function (1). TSSK3 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Cellular Proteins, Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, and Ser/Thr Kinases research.

TUBB1 or tubulin-beta 1 protein is a major constituent of microtubules. TUBB1 interaction with microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) such as tau is fundamental for microtubule structure and function (1). Previous work suggested that the "microtubule binding domain" of tau (composed of three or four imperfect 18-amino acid repeats, separated by 13- or 14-amino acid inter-repeat regions) can bind to the C-terminal ends of both alpha and beta tubulin monomers. Studies revealed that TUBB1 is the target of various antitubulin agents used in the treatment of cancer. Subsequent studies have also concluded that TUBB1 mutations in clinical samples are rare, and unlikely to contribute to drug resistance (2). TUBB1 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Microtubule/Actin Associated Proteins, Cardiovascular Disease, and Neurobiology research.

UBA2 (SAE2) or ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 2 forms a heterodimer that functions as a SUMO-activating enzyme for the sumoylation of proteins. The posttranslational modification of proteins by the addition of the small protein SUMO, or sumoylation, regulates protein structure and intracellular localization (1). UBA2 functions in SUMO1 activation in a manner analogous to the single E1 ubiquitin-activating enzymes (2). The inactivation of UBA2 may be a therapeutic strategy in MYC-driven cancers. UBA2 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Ubiquitin Proteins, Cancer, Cell Cycle, and Neurobiology research.

UBA3 (also known as UBE1C) or ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 3 is a member of the E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme family. UBA3 associates with AppBp1, an amyloid beta precursor protein binding protein, to form a heterodimer, and then the enzyme complex activates NEDD8, a ubiquitin-like protein, which regulates cell division, signaling and embryogenesis. The mechanism of NEDD8 activation by APPBP1-UBA3 shows a high degree of conservation with ubiquitin activation by UBA1 (1). The NEDD8-activating enzyme, or NAE, composed of NAE1 and UBA3 subunits, is an essential component for the treatment of cancer disease (2). UBA3 Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Ubiquitin Proteins, Cancer, Cell Cycle, and Neurobiology research.

UBE2B or ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2B is a member of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family which is required for post-replicative DNA damage repair. UBE2B is specifically important during chronic low-dose ultraviolet exposure to prevent counterproductive DNA checkpoint activation and allow cells to proliferate normally (1). The activity of UBE2B is required within the synaptonemal complex and for meiotic recombination in spermatocytes (2). Experimental inactivation of the UBE2B gene in mice causes male infertility. UBE2B Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Ubiquitin Proteins, Cancer, Cell Cycle, and Neurobiology research.