Chemicals & Small Molecules

Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6 phosphorylated, acts as a central metabolite, potent antioxidant, and enzyme substrate by serving as the aminated counterpart to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate. It plays a pivotal role as a cofactor for various enzymes and is a prominent vitamin B6 vitamer. The compound can be interconverted with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate [1].

MitoSOX Red TFA (Mito-hydroethidine TFA) is a fluorescent probe that specifically targets mitochondria in living cells.MitoSOX Red is susceptible to oxidation by superoxide, but is not easily oxidized by other ROS or RNS-generating systems.MitoSOX Red acts as a fluorescent indicator and can be used for live cell imaging.

Angoline hydrochloride (6-Methoxyldihydrochelerythrine) is an IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway inhibitor isolated from Zanthoxylum nitidum with anticancer activity and inhibits STAT3 signaling.

Norleual TFA, an analog of angiotensin (Ang) IV, functions as a hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met inhibitor, displaying a potent inhibition capability with an IC50 of 3 pM. Additionally, it acts as an AT4 receptor antagonist and demonstrates significant antiangiogenic activities [1].

HIV-1 TAT (48-60) Acetate, a commonly used membrane-permeable carrier peptide, is an arginine-rich basic peptide derived from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 Tat) protein that enables intracellular delivery of compounds.

Cyclo(RGDfC) TFA (Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) TFA) is a cyclic pentapeptide, a cyclic RGD polypeptide with high affinity for αvβ3, which is capable of disrupting cellular integrin interactions. Cyclo(RGDfC) TFA inhibits pluripotent gene expression in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and inhibits tumorigenic potential of mESCs in vivo. Cyclo(RGDfC) TFA inhibits the tumorigenic potential of mESC. Cyclo(RGDfC) TFA can be used for tumor-related studies.

Alcohol dehydrogenase, a dimeric protein located in the cytosol of cells, serves as the primary enzyme for metabolizing alcohol in the body, with its highest expression in the liver. It plays a crucial role in the detoxification of environmental alcohol [1].

β-Glucosidase is a glucoside bond hydrolase widely found in organisms and is involved in glucose metabolism, which can be used to study diseases caused by abnormal glucose metabolism.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase NAD(P) (ALDH) is an enzyme that facilitates the conversion of aldehydes into their respective carboxylic acids while simultaneously reducing the cofactor NAD(P) to NAD(P)H, making it a key component in biochemical research. This enzyme plays a crucial role in mitigating aldehyde stress by being part of the body's array of enzymatic defenses [1].