Chemicals & Small Molecules

Farnesyl pyrophosphate (Farnesyl diphosphate), a 15-carbon isoprenoid from the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, functions as a metabolic intermediary and TRPM2 (TRP Channel) agonist, facilitating TRPM2 channel opening and ion influx. It is crucial in synthesizing cholesterol, ubiquinones, and geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), and in protein farnesylation decoration [1].

TRFS-green, a highly selective off-on fluorescent probe, is designed for the specific imaging of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in living cells, exhibiting its maximum absorbance at approximately 373 nm [1].

Mesembrine ((+)-Mesembrine), a primary alkaloid distinguished by its aryloctahydroindole structure, acts as a potent 5-HT transporter inhibitor with an inhibition constant (K i) of 1.4 nM. Additionally, it demonstrates inhibitory activity against phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) with an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of 7.8 μM [1] [2].

Urolithin D is a competitive and selective reversible antagonist of the EphA receptor, an ellagitannin colonic metabolite that inhibits EphA2 phosphorylation in prostate cancer cells, attenuates triglyceride accumulation in adipocytes and hepatocyte cultures, and may be used in the study of metabolic disorders.

Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (A2E)is an initiator of blue-light-induced apoptosis . Photoactivation of Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E mediates autophagy and the production of reactive oxygen species [1] [2] .

14:0 EPC chloride, an acyl cationic lipid, is utilized in the formation of liposomes for drug delivery applications [1].

ODN 1826 is a 20-mer DNA strand, a TLR9 agonist and an immunostimulant, with anti-tumor and cardioprotective effects, promoting apoptosis, and stimulating the production of NO and iNOS. ODN 1826 is a CpG DNA mimetic that can be used as an adjuvant for synthetic vaccines.

MS8815, a selective proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), exhibits inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 8.6 nM. It is utilized in the research of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [1].

Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6 phosphorylated, acts as a central metabolite, potent antioxidant, and enzyme substrate by serving as the aminated counterpart to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate. It plays a pivotal role as a cofactor for various enzymes and is a prominent vitamin B6 vitamer. The compound can be interconverted with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate [1].