Cells Reagents

Bovine Insulin, or beef insulin, is a two-chain polypeptide hormone produced in vivo in the pancreatic β cells and it is the most studied hormone. Insulin regulates glucose uptake into muscle and fat cells by recruiting membrane glucose transporter Glut-4 to cell surface. Understanding how insulin regulates the movement of Glut-4 will lead to the development of new therapy to treat type II diabetes. Insulin also influences other body functions, such as vascular compliance and cognition. Insulin enhances learning and memory once it enters human brain and benefits verbal memory in particular. Bovine Insulin has often been used as growth supplement in culturing cells at the concentration ranging from 1 to 10 micrograms per milliliter of medium. The amino acid sequence of insulin is extremely well preserved. Bovine insulin differs from human insulin in only three amino acid residues, similar enough to be clinically effective in humans.