ELISA Kits

Insulin-like growth factor II is also known as somatomedin A. IGF-2 is a member of the insulin family of polypeptide growth factors that is involved in development and growth. It is paternally expressed in the fetus and placenta. IGF-II is a mitogen for many cell types and an important modulator of muscle growth and differentiation. IGF-II gene is prevalently expressed during prenatal development and its gene activity is regulated by genomic imprinting, in that the allele inherited from the father is active and the allele inherited from the mother is inactive in most normal tissues. IGF-II appears to be induced by placental lactogen during prenatal development. It is a mediator of prolactin-induced alveologenesis; prolactin, IGF-2, and cyclin D1, all of which are overexpressed in breast cancers, are components of a developmental pathway in the mammary gland.

IGFBP1 is also known as amniotic fluid binding protein(AFBP), placental protein-12, alpha-pregnancy-associated endometrial globulin, growth hormone independent binding protein, binding protein-28, binding protein-26, and binding protein-25. The low-molecular weight insulin-like growth-factor binding protein(IGF-BP25) is synthesized by human liver, secretory endometrium and decidua, and is also present in human serum. It binds insulin-like growth factors IGF-I and IGF-II with high affinity, and is proposed to act as a paracrine regulator of cell growth. These IGF-binding proteins are expressed at different concentrations in different tissues and are thought to regulate the activity of IGF I and II. The gene is organized in four exons and spans 5.9 kb. The IBP-1 gene is a single copy gene, located on chromosome 7. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human IGFBP-1, consisting of 234 amino acids with the molecular mass of 25KDa.

IGFBP1 is also known as amniotic fluid binding protein(AFBP), placental protein-12, alpha-pregnancy-associated endometrial globulin, growth hormone independent binding protein, binding protein-28, binding protein-26, and binding protein-25. The low-molecular weight insulin-like growth-factor binding protein(IGF-BP25) is synthesized by human liver, secretory endometrium and decidua, and is also present in human serum. It binds insulin-like growth factors IGF-I and IGF-II with high affinity, and is proposed to act as a paracrine regulator of cell growth. These IGF-binding proteins are expressed at different concentrations in different tissues and are thought to regulate the activity of IGF I and II. The gene is organized in four exons and spans 5.9 kb. The IBP-1 gene is a single copy gene, located on chromosome 7. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant mouse IGFBP-1, consisting of 247 amino acids with the molecular mass of 27KDa.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2(IGFBP2), also called IBP2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGFBP2 gene. It is mapped to 2q35. By structural analysis, it showed that the IGFBP2 gene consists of 4 exons with 3 introns of lengths 27.0, 1.0, and 1.9 kb. IGFBP2 secreted by metastatic cells recruits endothelia by modulating IGF1 mediated activation of the IGF type-I receptor on endothelial cells. The IGFBP2/IGF1/IGF1R and GAS6/MERTK signaling pathways are regulators of cancer-mediated endothelial recruitment.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2(IGFBP2), also called IBP2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGFBP2 gene. It is mapped to 2q35. By structural analysis, it showed that the IGFBP2 gene consists of 4 exons with 3 introns of lengths 27.0, 1.0, and 1.9 kb. IGFBP2 secreted by metastatic cells recruits endothelia by modulating IGF1 mediated activation of the IGF type-I receptor on endothelial cells. The IGFBP2/IGF1/IGF1R and GAS6/MERTK signaling pathways are regulators of cancer-mediated endothelial recruitment.

Insulin-like growth factor(IGF)-binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) is a major determinant of circulating levels of the IGFs and is clinically useful for the evaluation of GH deficiency and for predicting the response to GH treatment. The circulating level of IGFBP-3 is inversely related to the risk of several common cancers, and that antiproliferative agents such as antiestrogens and retinoids act in part by up-regulating IGFBP-3 gene(IGFBP3) expression. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein(IGFBP)-3, well characterized as the carrier of insulin-like growth factor(IGF), has been reported to have intrinsic bioactivity that is independent of IGF binding. IGFBP-3 has an IGF-independent, antiproliferative effect in undifferentiated and early differentiated but not in terminally differentiated chondrocytes. IGFBP-3 possesses both growth-inhibitory and potentiating effects on cells that are independent of IGF action and are mediated through specific. IGFBP-3 binding proteins/receptors locate at

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGFBP4gene. This gene is a member of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) family and encodes a protein with an IGFBP domain and a thyroglobulin type-I domain. The protein binds both insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) I and II and circulates in the plasma in both glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms. Binding of this protein prolongs the half-life of the IGFs and alters their interaction with cell surface receptors. In addition, IGFBP-4 is a unique protein and it consistently inhibits several cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Its inhibitory action has been shown in vivo in prostate and colon. It is secreted by all colon cancer cells.

Interleukin-1 alpha(IL-1 alpha) and interleukin-1 beta(IL-1 beta) are two biochemically distinct, but distantly related, polypeptidic cytokines that play a key role in inflammation, immunologic reactions, and tissue repair. IL-1 alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of infectious, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Recently, it has been shown that IL-1 alpha is identical to hematopoietin 1, which is described as a hematopoietic growth factor acting on early progenitor cells in synergy with other hematopoietic growth factors. The human interleukin 1 alpha gene is assigned to chromosome 2. Genetic polymorphisms at interleukin(IL)-1alpha and IL-1beta have been recently suggested to be associated with severity of adult periodontitis. The murine IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta genes encode structurally and evolutionarily related cytokines that exert a regulatory role in numerous physiological processes including hemopoiesis. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human IL-

Interleukin-1 alpha(IL-1 alpha) and interleukin-1 beta(IL-1 beta) are two biochemically distinct, but distantly related, polypeptidic cytokines that play a key role in inflammation, immunologic reactions, and tissue repair. IL-1 alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of infectious, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Recently, it has been shown that IL-1 alpha is identical to hematopoietin 1, which is described as a hematopoietic growth factor acting on early progenitor cells in synergy with other hematopoietic growth factors.1 The human interleukin 1 alpha gene is assigned to chromosome 2. Genetic polymorphisms at interleukin(IL)-1alpha and IL-1beta have been recently suggested to be associated with severity of adult periodontitis. The murine IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta genes encode structurally and evolutionarily related cytokines that exert a regulatory role in numerous physiological processes including hemopoiesis. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant rat IL-1