Chemicals & Small Molecules

JNJ-28583113, a TRPM2 antagonist with brain permeability, inhibits the phosphorylation of GSK3α and β subunits, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress-induced cell death. Additionally, it suppresses cytokine release in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli in microglia [1].

SLC7A11-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11, xCT), exhibiting antiproliferative, anti-tumor activities, and the ability to inhibit cell invasion and metastasis. It induces apoptosis and arrests cell cycle progression in the S-phase [1].

FXR agonist 3 is an anti-NASH compound with antifibrotic and anti-fibrotic activity, inhibiting the expression of COL1A1, TGF-β1, α-SMA, and TIMP1, with an IC50 value of 8.19 μmol/L for COL1A1. FXR agonist 3 ameliorates CDAHFD and BDL-induced liver injury in vivo by activating FXR.

G0-C14, an alkyl-modified polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer with cationic lipid-like properties, is utilized in the development of macrophage-targeted nanoparticles (NPs) for agent and vaccine delivery [1] [2].

STING agonist-23 (CF502) is a non-nucleotide, small-molecule stimulator of the STING pathway. Upon activation, it enhances the phosphorylation of STING, TBK1, and IRF3, leading to elevated levels of IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL-10, TNF-α, ISG-15, and CCL-5 in tumor cells. Moreover, STING agonist-23 demonstrates efficacy against SARS-CoV series strains [1].

STING agonist-23 (CF508), a non-nucleotide small-molecule STING agonist, activates STING, thereby enhancing the phosphorylation of STING, TBK1, and IRF3. This activation elevates the production of IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL-10, TNF-α, ISG-15, and CCL-5 in tumor cells. Moreover, STING agonist-23 demonstrates efficacy against SARS-CoV series strains [1].

Streptomycin (Agrept), an antibiotic effective against M. tuberculosis, is utilized in tuberculosis (TB) research. It acts as a bactericidal agent for various bacterial infections, binding to nucleic acids and obstructing protein synthesis while allowing RNA and DNA synthesis to continue. Additionally, streptomycin is employed in culture media as a common antibiotic and inhibits stretch-activated and mechanosensitive ion channels in neurons and cardiac myocytes [1] [2] [3].

Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), an endogenous metabolite, inhibits TNF-α-induced IL-8 secretion in immature epithelial cells, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, and enhances wound closure [1] [2] [4].

Aldolase, a glycolytic enzyme and component of the VATPase complex, catalyzes the decomposition of fructose 1,6-diphosphate into dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate [1].