Chemicals & Small Molecules

Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE; EC 3.1.1.7) is a cholinergic enzyme primarily located in neuromuscular junctions and cholinergic chemical synapses, often utilized in biochemical research. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine and other choline esters into acetate and choline, terminating neuronal transmission and signaling between synapses to prevent acetylcholine spread and activation of nearby receptors [1].

Pyruvate oxidase (PoxB), a thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent enzyme, performs the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl phosphate, carbon dioxide, and water. This enzyme plays a crucial role in bacterial metabolism and is widely utilized in biochemical research [1].

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (Kininase II) is a zinc-dependent peptidase and extracellular enzyme that acts as a counterbalance to ACE in the renin-angiotensin system.Angiotensin-converting enzyme is a potent vasoconstrictor used in the study of cardiovascular and immune diseases. Angiotensin-converting enzyme is a potent vasoconstrictor used to study cardiovascular and immune diseases.

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes fatty acids present in the sn-2 position of phospholipids, and is closely related to lipid metabolism and immune function.

Glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) is an oxidoreductase enzyme that facilitates the oxidation of β-D-glucose into β-D-glucono-1,5-lactone, while concurrently reducing cofactor NADP+ to NADPH, and to a lesser degree, NAD+ to NADH. It can utilize both NAD+ and NADP+ as cofactors and serves in the regeneration of NADH and NADPH [1] [2].

Lenzilumab (KB 003) is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CSF2/GM-CSF, with applications in COVID-19 treatment and research on chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) [1] [2].

Camidanlumab (HuMax-TAC), a CD25 monoclonal antibody, selectively binds to the cell-surface antigen CD25, prevalent on numerous hematological tumors but minimally present on normal tissues. This specificity facilitates its use in developing antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) aimed at treating diseases such as lymphoma and leukemia [1].

Seribantumab (MM 121), a fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody, specifically targets HER3, inhibiting the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB) family and its subsequent signaling. This action effectively blocks neuregulin 1 (NRG1) fusion-dependent tumorigenesis within in vitro and in vivo studies of patient-derived cancer models in breast, lung, and ovarian cancers [1].

Sirukumab (CNTO-136), a humanized monoclonal anti-IL6 (Interleukin Related) IgG1κ antibody, holds potential for research in active lupus nephritis [1].