ELISA

Interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma) is an inflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the development of fibrosis in inflamed tissues. The production of IFN-gamma, which is under genetic control, can influence the development of fibrosis in lung allografts. IFN-gamma is also produced by natural killer(NK) cells and most prominently by CD8 cytotoxic T cells, and is vital for the control of microbial pathogens. Interferon gamma is believed to be crucial for host defense against many infections. Genetically determined variability in IFN-gamma and expression might be important for the development of tuberculosis. IFN-gamma activates human macrophage oxidative metabolism and antimicrobial activity. In addition to having antiviral activity, IFN-gamma has important immunoregulatory functions. IFN-gamma plays an important role in the control of neointima proliferation.

Insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) that was once called somatomedin C, is a polypeptide protein hormone similar in molecular structure to insulin. It plays an important role in childhood growth and continues to have anabolic effects in adults. Human IGF1 is a single chain 70-amino acid polypeptide cross-linked by 3 disulfide bridges, with a calculated molecular mass of 7.6 kD. The IGF1 gene, mapped on 12q22-q24.1, contains 5 exons. Exons 1-4 encode the 195-amino acid precursor(IGF1B), and exons 1, 2, 3, and 5 encode the 153-residue peptide(IGF1A). The structure of IGF1 resembles that of IGF2. And the IGF1 and IGF2 genes have complex structures with multiple promoters. The expression of both genes is regulated at the levels of transcription, RNA processing, and translation. IGF-1 is produced primarily by the liver as an endocrine hormone as well as in target tissues in a paracrine/autocrine fashion. Moreover, approximately 98% of IGF-1 is always bound to one of 6 binding proteins(IGF-B

Insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) that was once called somatomedin C, is a polypeptide protein hormone similar in molecular structure to insulin. It plays an important role in childhood growth and continues to have anabolic effects in adults. Human IGF1 is a single chain 70-amino acid polypeptide cross-linked by 3 disulfide bridges, with a calculated molecular mass of 7.6 kD.1 The IGF1 gene, mapped on 12q22-q24. contains 5 exons. Exons 1-4 encode the 195-amino acid precursor(IGF1B), and exons 1, 2, 3, and 5 encode the 153-residue peptide(IGF1A). The structure of IGF1 resembles that of IGF2. And the IGF1 and IGF2 genes have complex structures with multiple promoters. The expression of both genes is regulated at the levels of transcription, RNA processing, and translation. IGF-1 is produced primarily by the liver as an endocrine hormone as well as in target tissues in a paracrine/autocrine fashion. Moreover, approximately 98% of IGF-1 is always bound to one of 6 binding proteins(IGF-BP

Insulin-like growth factor II is also known as somatomedin A. IGF-2 is a member of the insulin family of polypeptide growth factors that is involved in development and growth. It is paternally expressed in the fetus and placenta. IGF-II is a mitogen for many cell types and an important modulator of muscle growth and differentiation. IGF-II gene is prevalently expressed during prenatal development and its gene activity is regulated by genomic imprinting, in that the allele inherited from the father is active and the allele inherited from the mother is inactive in most normal tissues. IGF-II appears to be induced by placental lactogen during prenatal development. It is a mediator of prolactin-induced alveologenesis; prolactin, IGF-2, and cyclin D1, all of which are overexpressed in breast cancers, are components of a developmental pathway in the mammary gland.

Insulin-like growth factor II is also known as somatomedin A. IGF-2 is a member of the insulin family of polypeptide growth factors that is involved in development and growth. It is paternally expressed in the fetus and placenta. IGF-II is a mitogen for many cell types and an important modulator of muscle growth and differentiation. IGF-II gene is prevalently expressed during prenatal development and its gene activity is regulated by genomic imprinting, in that the allele inherited from the father is active and the allele inherited from the mother is inactive in most normal tissues. IGF-II appears to be induced by placental lactogen during prenatal development. It is a mediator of prolactin-induced alveologenesis; prolactin, IGF-2, and cyclin D1, all of which are overexpressed in breast cancers, are components of a developmental pathway in the mammary gland.

IGFBP1 is also known as amniotic fluid binding protein(AFBP), placental protein-12, alpha-pregnancy-associated endometrial globulin, growth hormone independent binding protein, binding protein-28, binding protein-26, and binding protein-25. The low-molecular weight insulin-like growth-factor binding protein(IGF-BP25) is synthesized by human liver, secretory endometrium and decidua, and is also present in human serum. It binds insulin-like growth factors IGF-I and IGF-II with high affinity, and is proposed to act as a paracrine regulator of cell growth. These IGF-binding proteins are expressed at different concentrations in different tissues and are thought to regulate the activity of IGF I and II. The gene is organized in four exons and spans 5.9 kb. The IBP-1 gene is a single copy gene, located on chromosome 7. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human IGFBP-1, consisting of 234 amino acids with the molecular mass of 25KDa.

IGFBP1 is also known as amniotic fluid binding protein(AFBP), placental protein-12, alpha-pregnancy-associated endometrial globulin, growth hormone independent binding protein, binding protein-28, binding protein-26, and binding protein-25. The low-molecular weight insulin-like growth-factor binding protein(IGF-BP25) is synthesized by human liver, secretory endometrium and decidua, and is also present in human serum. It binds insulin-like growth factors IGF-I and IGF-II with high affinity, and is proposed to act as a paracrine regulator of cell growth. These IGF-binding proteins are expressed at different concentrations in different tissues and are thought to regulate the activity of IGF I and II. The gene is organized in four exons and spans 5.9 kb. The IBP-1 gene is a single copy gene, located on chromosome 7. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant mouse IGFBP-1, consisting of 247 amino acids with the molecular mass of 27KDa.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2(IGFBP2), also called IBP2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGFBP2 gene. It is mapped to 2q35. By structural analysis, it showed that the IGFBP2 gene consists of 4 exons with 3 introns of lengths 27.0, 1.0, and 1.9 kb. IGFBP2 secreted by metastatic cells recruits endothelia by modulating IGF1 mediated activation of the IGF type-I receptor on endothelial cells. The IGFBP2/IGF1/IGF1R and GAS6/MERTK signaling pathways are regulators of cancer-mediated endothelial recruitment.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2(IGFBP2), also called IBP2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGFBP2 gene. It is mapped to 2q35. By structural analysis, it showed that the IGFBP2 gene consists of 4 exons with 3 introns of lengths 27.0, 1.0, and 1.9 kb. IGFBP2 secreted by metastatic cells recruits endothelia by modulating IGF1 mediated activation of the IGF type-I receptor on endothelial cells. The IGFBP2/IGF1/IGF1R and GAS6/MERTK signaling pathways are regulators of cancer-mediated endothelial recruitment.