ELISA

Interleukin-10, also called cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, is implicated in tumorigenesis, and it has been shown that polymorphisms in its gene promoter correlate with differential amounts of production. IL-10 is an important cytokine with anti-inflammatory, anti-immune, and antifibrotic functions. It is also an important regulatory cytokine whose involvement extends into diverse areas of the human immune system. IL-10 is a recently described natural endogenous immunosuppressive cytokine that has been identified in human, murine, and other organisms. IL-10 significantly affects chemokine biology, because human IL-10 inhibits chemokine production and is a specific chemotactic factor for CD8+ T cells. It suppresses the ability of CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, to migrate in response to IL-8. Interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms and interleukin-10 production capability may contribute to the development of skin squamous cell carcinomas after renal transplantation. The interleukin-

Interleukin 11(IL-11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL11 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the gp130 family of cytokines. This gene is mapped to 19q13.42. It is a key regulator of multiple events in hematopoiesis, most notably the stimulation of megakaryocyte maturation. IL-11 has been demonstrated to improve platelet recovery after chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, induce acute phase proteins, modulate antigen-antibody responses, participate in the regulation of bone cell proliferation and differentiation and could be use as a therapeutic for osteoporosis. What's more, IL-11 can stimulate the growth of certain lymphocytes and it has functions in many other tissues, including the brain, gut, testis and bone. In transgenic mice, overexpression of the human IL11 gene resulted in the stimulation of bone formation to increase cortical thickness and strength of long bones.

Interleukin 11(IL-11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL11 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the gp130 family of cytokines. This gene is mapped to 19q13.42. It is a key regulator of multiple events in hematopoiesis, most notably the stimulation of megakaryocyte maturation. IL-11 has been demonstrated to improve platelet recovery after chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, induce acute phase proteins, modulate antigen-antibody responses, participate in the regulation of bone cell proliferation and differentiation and could be use as a therapeutic for osteoporosis. What's more, IL-11 can stimulate the growth of certain lymphocytes and it has functions in many other tissues, including the brain, gut, testis and bone. In transgenic mice, overexpression of the human IL11 gene resulted in the stimulation of bone formation to increase cortical thickness and strength of long bones.

Interleukin(IL)-12 is a 70-KDa cytokine comprised of two disulfide-linked proteins(p35 and p40) and is essential for the initiation of effective immune response.[i] And the IL-12p70 is a heterodimer of p35 and p40 subunits; it is an important cytokine secreted by antigen-presenting cells in response to antigenic stimulation.[ii] Gene expression analysis of the IL-12 cytokine family subunits revealed that both strains induced high levels of p40(protein chain communal to IL-12 p70 and IL-23) as well as p19, a subunit of IL-23. Conversely only ACT- 18HS19 infection induced consistent transcription of IL-12 p35, a subunit of IL-12 p70.[iii] The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human IL-12 p70 with the molecular mass of 75 KDa.

Interleukin(IL)-12 is a 70-KDa cytokine comprised of two disulfide-linked proteins(p35 and p40) and is essential for the initiation of effective immune response. And the IL-12p70 is a heterodimer of p35 and p40 subunits; it is an important cytokine secreted by antigen-presenting cells in response to antigenic stimulation. Gene expression analysis of the IL-12 cytokine family subunits revealed that both strains induced high levels of p40(protein chain communal to IL-12 p70 and IL-23) as well as p19, a subunit of IL-23. Conversely only ACT- 18HS19 infection induced consistent transcription of IL-12 p35, a subunit of IL-12 p70. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant mouse IL-12 p70 comprising of a 193 amino acids p35 chain and a 313 amino acids p40 chain connected by a disulfide bond.

Interleukin(IL)-13 is a major inducer of fibrosis in many chronic infectious and autoimmune diseases. Recombinant IL-13 protein inhibits inflammatory cytokine production induced by lipopolysaccharide in human peripheral blood monocytes. Moreover, it synergizes with IL-13 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis in large granular lymphocytes. Interleukin-13 may be critical in regulating inflammatory and immune responses. IL-13 and IL-4 are two cytokines produced by T helper type 2 cells, mast cells, and basophils. In addition to their physiological roles, these cytokines are also implicated in pathological conditions such as asthma and allergy. The genes encoding human IL-4 and IL-13 are located on segment q23-31 of chromosome 5.4 Recombinant mouse IL-13 is a mixture of Ser26-Phe131 amino acids with the molecular mass of 11.5KDa.

Interleukin(IL)-15 is a cytokine with the ability to stimulate the proliferation activity of Th1 and/or Th2 lymphocytes. IL-15 is a novel cytokine whose effects on T-cell activation and proliferation are similar to those of interleukin-2(IL-2), presumably because IL-15 utilizes the beta and gamma chains of the IL-2 receptor. IL-15 can play a role in the initiation and outcome of acute and chronic rejection. Anti-IL-15 therapy in combination with classic immunosuppression therapy might thus be beneficial in the prevention of acute, and especially chronic, allograft rejection. The human IL15 gene is mapped to human chromosome 4q31 by fluorescence in situ hybridization.1 The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human IL-15, consisting of 114 amino acids with the molecular mass of 12.9KDa.

Interleukin 16(IL-16) is a cytokine that released by a variety of cells(including lymphocytes and some epithelial cells) that has been characterized as a chemoattractant for certain immune cells expressing the cell surface molecule CD4. By Southern blot analysis and PCR using a human/rodent somatic cell hybrid mapping panel, The human IL16 is encoded by a single-copy gene on chromosome 15. Using a combination of STS-content mapping, radiation-hybrid mapping, and genetic mapping, it was refined the assignment to 15q26.1. The mouse Il16 gene was mapped to chromosome 7 in a region showing homology of synteny to human 15q26.1. IL-16 was originally described as a factor that could attract activated T cells in humans, it was previously called lymphocyte chemoattractant factor(LCF), and the augmentation of IL16stimulation by CCR5 plays a role in regulation of Th1 cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation.