ELISA

Chemokine(C-C motif) ligand 24(CCL24) also known as myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor 2(MPIF-2) or eosinophil chemotactic protein 2(eotaxin-2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL24 gene.1 By use of PCR analysis of somatic cell hybrid DNAs, radiation hybrid mapping, and a chromosome 7-specific YAC library, mapped the SCYA24 gene to chromosome 7q11.23.2 CCL24 is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. CCL24 interacts with chemokine receptor CCR3 to induce chemotaxis in eosinophils.3 This chemokine is also strongly chemotactic for resting T lymphocytes and slightly chemotactic for neutrophils.

GP130(Glycoprotein 130) also known as IL6ST or CD130, is a transmembrane protein which is the founding member of the class of all cytokine receptors. The GP130 gene is mapped on 5q11.2. Gp130 showed an apparent molecular mass of 130 kD by SDS-PAGE. Gp130 is involved in the formation of high-affinity IL6-binding sites and in IL6 signal transduction. Sgp130 has a role in modulating signals transduced by membrane-bound gp130. Gp130 is an important part of many different types of signaling complexes.Gp130 molecules with mutations in either of these segments could not transduce a growth signal.

Growth hormone(GH) is synthesized by acidophilic or somatotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Human growth hormone has a molecular mass of 22,005 and contains 191 amino acid residues with 2 disulfide bridges. The human genes for growth hormone(GH), has been located on chromosome 17 in humans. GH replacement of adults with acquired GH deficiency(GHD) results in body composition changes including increases in lean mass and bone mineral density. However, the effects of long-term GH therapy on cognitive function are largely unknown, and there are conflicting data regarding quality of life. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human Growth Hormone, consisting of 192 amino acids with the molecular mass of 22KDa.

Resistin is an adipose-derived hormone postulated to link adiposity to insulin resistance.1 Type 2 diabetes, characterized by target-tissue resistance to insulin, is epidemic in industrialized societies and is strongly associated with obesity. Adipocytes secrete a unique signalling molecule, which called resistin(for resistance to insulin), that may be the hormone potentially links obesity to diabetes.2 Resistin is overexpressed in human adipose tissue of obese individuals and is likely to modulate insulin sensitivity. Resistin is, therefore, a candidate gene for insulin resistance.3 The standard product used in this kit is human Resistin with the molecular mass of 51-53KDa. The detected Resistin includes zymogen and active enzyme.

Resistin is an adipose-derived hormone postulated to link adiposity to insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes, characterized by target-tissue resistance to insulin, is epidemic in industrialized societies and is strongly associated with obesity. Adipocytes secrete a unique signalling molecule, which called resistin (for resistance to insulin), that may be the hormone potentially links obesity to diabetes. Resistin is overexpressed in mouse adipose tissue of obese individuals and is likely to modulate insulin sensitivity. Resistin is, therefore, a candidate gene for insulin resistance. The standard product used in this kit is mouse Resistin with the molecular mass of 51-53KDa. The detected Resistin includes zymogen and active enzyme.

The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1(TIMP1) is also called erythroid-potentiating activity(EPA). The X-linked gene for human TIMP1 is expressed in some but not all inactive X-containing somatic-cell hybrids, suggesting that this gene is either prone to reactivation or variable in its inactivation.1 Purified EPA specifically stimulates human and murine cells of the erythroid lineage, unlike murine interleukin-3(IL-3) which stimulates precursor cells from all haematopoietic lineages.2 TIMP1 is thought to play a regulatory role in connective tissues by forming inactive complexes with those metalloproteinases that are normally responsible for connective tissue turnover. The human gene encoding TIMP has been mapped to the X chromosome in the region Xp11.1-p11.4.3 The standard product used in this kit is recombinant rat TIMP-1, consisting of 194 amino acids with the molecular mass of 21.5KDa. As a result of glycosylation, the molecular mass is 32-34KDa.

Tumor necrosis factor-beta(TNF-beta), previously called lymphotoxin-alpha(LTA), is a cytokine produced by lymphocytes. TNF-alpha and TNF-beta share 35% identity and 50% homology in the amino acid sequence. The substance LTA mediates a wide variety of inflammatory, immunostimulatory, and antiviral responses. LTA is associated with susceptibility to myocardial infarction, asthma and other diseases. The LTA gene is located on human chromosome 6. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant protein, consisting of 172 amino acids with the molecular mass of 18.8KDa.

Vascular endothelial growth factor C is a VEGF. The human gene encoding it is VEGFC. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor(PDGF/VEGF) family, is active in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and endothelial cell growth and survival, and can also affect the permeability of blood vessels. This secreted protein undergoes a complex proteolytic maturation, generating multiple processed forms which bind and activate VEGFR-3 receptors. Only the fully processed form can bind and activate VEGFR-2 receptors. This protein is structurally and functionally similar to vascular endothelial growth factor D(VEGF-D). The C terminus of VEGFC has cysteine-rich repeat units characteristic of the Balbiani ring 3 protein(BR3P) of the midge Chironomus tentans.1,2 The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human VEGF-C, consisting of 135 amino acids with the molecular mass of 23Kda after glycosylation.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR-2) is a VEGF receptor. This receptor, known as kinase insert domain receptor, is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase. It is mapped to 4q12. This gene encodes one of the two receptors of the VEGF. It functions as the main mediator of VEGF-induced endothelial proliferation, survival, migration, tubular morphogenesis and sprouting. The signalling and trafficking of this receptor are regulated by multiple factors, including Rab GTPase, P2Y purine nucleotide receptor, integrin alphaVbeta3, T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase, etc. VEGF receptor 2 and the adherens junction act as shear-stress cotransducers, mediating the transduction of shear-stress signals into vascular endothelial cells. In addition to those, VEGFR-2 is also a positive functional marker defining stem cells and distinguishing them from progenitors.