ELISA

Platelet factor 4(PF4) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand 4(CXCL4). The PF4 gene was localized on map to 4q12-q13. Chemokines play fundamental roles in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system, and they have effects on cells of the central nervous system as well as on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis. Platelet factor-4 is a 70-amino acid protein that is released from the alpha-granules of activated platelets and binds with high affinity to heparin. Its major physiologic role appears to be neutralization of heparin-like molecules on the endothelial surface of blood vessels, thereby inhibiting local antithrombin III activity and promoting coagulation. As a strong chemoattractant for neutrophils and fibroblasts, PF4 probably has a role in inflammation and wound repair.

C-X-C motif chemokine 5 is a protein that in humans encoded by the CXCL5 gene. The protein encoded by this gene, CXCL5 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating peptide 78(ENA-78). It is produced following stimulation of cells with the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Expression of CXCL5 has also been observed in eosinophils, and can be inhibited with the type II interferon IFN-gamma. This chemokine stimulates the chemotaxis of neutrophils possessing angiogenic properties. It elicits these effects by interacting with the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR2. The gene for CXCL5 is encoded on four exons and is located on human chromosome 4 amongst several other CXC chemokine genes. CXCL5 has been implicated in connective tissue remodeling. CXCL5 plays a role in reducing sensitivity to sunburn pain in some subjects, and is a potential target which can be utilized to understan

Chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand 7(CXCL7), also called PPBP or SCYB7, is a human gene. The encoded protein, Chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. CXCL7 is mapped to 4q13.3. It is a protein that is released in large amounts from platelets following their activation. CXCL7 is the precursor of the 2 platelet alpha-granule proteins, platelet basic protein(PBP) and connective tissue-activating peptide III(CTAP3). It stimulates various processes including mitogenesis, synthesis of extracellular matrix, glucose metabolism and synthesis of plasminogen activator. It also stimulates the formation and secretion of plasminogen activator by synovial cells.

Chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand 9(CXCL9) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as Monokine induced by gamma interferon(MIG). CXCL9 is a T-cell chemoattractant, which is induced by IFN-gamma. It is closely related to two other CXC chemokines called CXCL10 and CXCL11, whose genes are located near the gene for CXCL9 on human chromosome 4.1, 2 CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 all elicit their chemotactic functions by interacting with the chemokine receptor CXCR3.3 The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human CXCL9, consisting of 103 amino acids with the molecular mass of 11.7KDa.

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as Monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG). CXCL9 is a T-cell chemoattractant, which is induced by IFN-gamma. It is closely related to two other CXC chemokines called CXCL10 and CXCL11, whose genes are located near the gene for CXCL9 on human chromosome 4. CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 all elicit their chemotactic functions by interacting with the chemokine receptor CXCR3. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human CXCL9, consisting of 103 amino acids with the molecular mass of 11.7KDa.

Chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand 10(CXCL10) or IP-10 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as 10 kDa interferon-gamma-induced protein(gamma-IP10 or IP-10). CXCL10 is secreted by several cell types in response to IFN-gamma. These cell types include monocytes, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. CXCL10 has been attributed to several roles, such as chemoattraction for monocytes/macrophages, T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells, promotion of T cell adhesion to endothelial cells, antitumor activity, and inhibition of bone marrow colony formation and angiogenesis. It is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis in vivo. The gene for CXCL10 is located on human chromosome 4 in a cluster among several other CXC chemokines. It is a RAS target gene and is overexpressed in the majority of colorectal cancers. This chemokine elicits its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3.

Chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand 10(CXCL10) or IP-10 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as 10 kDa interferon-gamma-induced protein(gamma-IP10 or IP-10). CXCL10 is secreted by several cell types in response to IFN-gamma. These cell types include monocytes, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. CXCL10 has been attributed to several roles, such as chemoattraction for monocytes/macrophages, T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells, promotion of T cell adhesion to endothelial cells, antitumor activity, and inhibition of bone marrow colony formation and angiogenesis. It is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis in vivo. The gene for CXCL10 is located on human chromosome 4 in a cluster among several other CXC chemokines. It is a RAS target gene and is overexpressed in the majority of colorectal cancers. This chemokine elicits its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3.

Chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand 11(CXCL11) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also called Interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant(I-TAC) and Interferon-gamma-inducible protein 9(IP-9). By PCR analysis of somatic cell hybrids, the CXCL11 gene was mapped to chromosome 4, and using FISH, it was located to 4q21.2. The CXCL11 was strongly induced by IFNG and beta-interferon, but only weakly induced by alpha-interferon. Induction of CXCL11 required expression of STAT1. What's more, it found that monocyte chemotaxis occurs in response to recombinant CXCL11. RT-PCR analysis detected CXCL11 expression in brain tissue from a patient with AIDS dementia and a patient with multiple sclerosis but not in 2 controls.

C-X-C motif chemokine 13(CXCL13), also known as B lymphocyte chemoattractant(BLC), is a protein that in humans is encoded by theCXCL13 gene. CXCL13 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, and it was located on sequence maps to 4q21, near the genes encoding most CXC chemokines. In T-lymphocytes, CXCL13 expression is thought to reflect a germinal center origin of the T-cell. Hence, expression of CXCL13 in T-cell lymphomas, such as Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma, is thought to reflect a germinal center origin of the neoplastic T-cells