ELISA

Interleukin-21 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL21 gene. Interleukin 21 is a cytokine that has potent regulatory effects on cells of the immune system, including natural killer(NK) cells and cytotoxic T cells that can destroy virally infected or cancerous cells. By radiation hybrid analysis, the IL21 gene is mapped to chromosome 4q26-q27, near the IL2 gene. IL21 stimulates B-cell proliferation in an anti-CD40-dependent manner but inhibits proliferation stimulated by IL4 plus anti-IgM. The biologic effects of IL21 on NK cells differ between species, with human IL21 enhancing NK cell proliferation and murine IL21 inhibiting NK cell proliferation. IL21 is a cytokine highly expressed by mouse T(H)17 cells.

Interleukin-27(IL-27) is a heterodimeric cytokine belonging to the IL-12 family that is composed of two subunits; Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-induced gene 3(EBI3)(also known as IL-27B) and IL27-p28(known as IL-30). IL-27 is produced by antigen-presenting cells.IL-27 plays an important function in regulating the activity of B- and T-lymphocytes. IL-27, a potent inhibitor of T(H)-17 cell development, may be a useful target for treating inflammatory diseases mediated by these cells.

Interleukin-27(IL-27) is a heterodimeric cytokine belonging to the IL-12 family that is composed of two subunits; Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-induced gene 3(EBI3)(also known as IL-27B) and IL27-p28(known as IL-30). IL-27 is produced by antigen-presenting cells. By genomic sequence analysis, the IL27 p28 gene was mapped to chromosome 16p11. L-27 plays an important function in regulating the activity of B- and T-lymphocytes. The effects of IL-27 are eliciting by its interaction with a specific cell-surface receptor complex composed of two proteins known as IL27R and gp130.

Chemokine(C motif) ligand(XCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the XC chemokine family that is also known as lymphotactin. This gene is mapped to chromosome 1q23 by FISH. The sequence of the deduced 114-amino acid protein is most homologous to the CC chemokines CCL8 and CCL3. It is found in high levels in spleen, thymus, intestine and peripheral blood leukocytes, and at lower levels in lung, prostate gland and ovary. XCL1 induces the migration of cells expressing XCR1.

Chemokine(C motif) ligand(XCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the XC chemokine family that is also known as lymphotactin. This gene is mapped to chromosome 1q23 by FISH. The sequence of the deduced 114-amino acid protein is most homologous to the CC chemokines CCL8 and CCL3. It is found in high levels in spleen, thymus, intestine and peripheral blood leukocytes, and at lower levels in lung, prostate gland and ovary. XCL1 induces the migration of cells expressing XCR1.

MBL2, also called mannose-binding lectin (protein C) 2, soluble or Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a lectin that is instrumental in innate immunity. MBL2 is mapped to chromosome 10q11.2-q21. It belongs to the class of collectins in the C-type lectin superfamily, whose function appears to be pattern recognition in the first line of defense in the pre-immune host. MBL2 recognizes carbohydrate patterns, found on the surface of a large number of pathogenic micro-organisms, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi. Binding MBL2 to a micro-organism results in activation of the lectin pathway of the complement system. Another important function of MBL2 is that this molecule binds senescent and apoptotic cells and enhances engulfment of whole, intact apoptotic cells, as well as cell debris by phagocytes.

CSF1R(Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor),also known as M-CSFR and CD115, is a cell-surface protein encoded, in humans, by the CSF1R gene. The gene is located on long arm of chromosome 5(5q32) on the Crick(minus) strand. The encoded protein is a tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptor and member of the CSF1/PDGF receptor family of tyrosine-protein kinases. The encoded protein is a single pass type I membrane protein and acts as the receptor for colony stimulating factor 1, a cytokine which controls the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages. Both CSF1R, and its ligand colony stimulating factor 1 play an important role in the development of the mammary gland and may be involved in the process of mammary gland carcinogenesis.

CSF1R(Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor),also known as M-CSFR and CD115, is a cell-surface protein encoded, in humans, by the CSF1R gene. The gene is located on long arm of chromosome 5(5q32) on the Crick(minus) strand. The encoded protein is a tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptor and member of the CSF1/PDGF receptor family of tyrosine-protein kinases. The encoded protein is a single pass type I membrane protein and acts as the receptor for colony stimulating factor 1, a cytokine which controls the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages. Both CSF1R, and its ligand colony stimulating factor 1 play an important role in the development of the mammary gland and may be involved in the process of mammary gland carcinogenesis.