ELISA

SPARCL1 (SPARC-Like Protein 1), also known as HEVIN, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPARCL1 gene. The cells in high endothelial venules (HEVs) in lymphoid tissues have a plump, almost cuboidal, appearance and support high levels of lymphocyte extravasation from blood, possibly due to the presence of desmosome-like junctions rather than tight junctions in the HEVs. In chronic inflammation, the activated endothelium of nonlymphoid tissues acquires an HEV-like morphology and function. SPARCL1 is highly expressed in HEV and is thought to contribute to the induction or maintenance of features of the HEV endothelium that facilitate lymphocyte migration.

CD70(Cluster of Differentiation 70), also known as TNFSF7 or CD27L, is a ligand for CD27. This gene is mapped to 19p13.3. CD70 is a surface antigen found on activated, but not resting, T and B lymphocytes. It has been found that CD70 induced proliferation of costimulated T cells and enhanced generation of cytolytic T cells. CD70 is homologous to the ligands of the TNF receptor family, including TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, and the CD40 ligand, showing 19 to 24% amino acid sequence identity in the extracellular region.

CD32 is a surface receptor protein and part of a large population of B cell co-receptors, which act to modulate signaling. It has a low-affinity for IgG antibodies and down-regulates antibody production in the presence of IgG. This feedback loops essentially lowers the production of IgG produced by B cells when there is a surplus in the body.

CD32 is a surface receptor protein and part of a large population of B cell co-receptors, which act to modulate signaling. It has a low-affinity for IgG antibodies and down-regulates antibody production in the presence of IgG. This feedback loops essentially lowers the production of IgG produced by B cells when there is a surplus in the body.

CD48 antigen(Cluster of Differentiation 48), also known as BLAST-1 or SLAMF2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD48 gene. CD48 is a member of the CD2 subfamily of the immunoglobulin superfamily(IgSF) which includes SLAM(signaling lymphocyte activation molecules) proteins, such as CD84, CD150, CD229 and CD244. It is mapped to 1q23.3. CD48 is found on the surface of lymphocytes and other immune cells, dendritic cells and endothelial cells, and participates in activation and differentiation pathways in these cells. The encoded protein does not have a transmembrane domain, however, but is held at the cell surface by a GPI anchor via a C-terminal domain which maybe cleaved to yield a soluble form of the receptor.

Complement receptor type 2(CR2), also known as C3DR or CD21, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CR2 gene. It is mapped to 1q32.2. CR2 is involved in the complement system. It binds to iC3b(inactive derivative of C3b), C3dg, or C3d. CR2 is the membrane protein on B lymphocytes to which the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) binds during infection of these cells. CR2, together with CD19, CD81, and CD225, forms the B-cell coreceptor complex, which lowers the activation threshold of the B-cell antigen receptor. Genetic variations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus type 9 (SLEB9).

C Reactive Protein (CRP) is a major acute phase reactant synthesized primarily in the liver hepatocytes. It is composed of 5 identical, 21,500-molecular weight subunits. CRP mediates activities associated with preimmune nonspecific host resistance. CRP shows the strongest association with cardiovascular events. It is detectable on the surface of about 4% of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. Acute phase reactant CRP is produced in the liver.

Cadherin 5, type 2 or VE-cadherin also known as CD144, is encoded by the gene CDH5. It is a classical cadherin from the cadherin superfamily. This gene is mapped to mouse chromosome 8. The encoded protein is a calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Functioning as a classic cadherin by imparting to cells the ability to adhere in a homophilic manner, the protein may play an important role in endothelial cell biology through control of the cohesion and organization of the intercellular junctions. It has found that PECAM1, VE-cadherin and VEGFR2 together are sufficient to confer responsiveness to flow in heterologous cells.

Cadherin 5, type 2 or VE-cadherin also known as CD144, is encoded by the gene CDH5. It is a classical cadherin from the cadherin superfamily. This gene is mapped to mouse chromosome 8. The encoded protein is a calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Functioning as a classic cadherin by imparting to cells the ability to adhere in a homophilic manner, the protein may play an important role in endothelial cell biology through control of the cohesion and organization of the intercellular junctions. It has found that PECAM1, VE-cadherin and VEGFR2 together are sufficient to confer responsiveness to flow in heterologous cells.