Other Proteins

Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 (PDCD1LG2) is a member of the BTN/MOG family. PDCD1LG2 contains one Ig-like C2-type domain and one Ig-like V-type domain. PDCD1LG2 is highly expressed in the heart; placenta; pancreas; lung and liver; it is weakly expressed in the spleen; lymph nodes; and thymus. PDCD1LG2 is involved in the costimulatory signal; essential for T-cell proliferation and IFNG production in a PDCD1-independent manner. PDCD1LG2 interaction with PDCD1 inhibits T-cell proliferation by blocking cell cycle progression and cytokine production.

Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Subfamily A Member 5（LILRA5）is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILR), comprise a family of activating and inhibitory type immunoreceptors. LILRA5 consists of a 227 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 10 aa cytoplasmic tail. The ECD contains two Ig-like domains and the transmembrane segment contains a positively charged aspartic acid residue which may mediate its association with the signaling molecule, FcR common gamma chain. LILRA5 is expressed by monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. Cross-linking of LILRA5 on monocytes induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha) as well as the anti-inflammatory IL-10. It can be detected in tissues of the hematopoietic system, including bone marrow, spleen, lymph node and peripheral leukocytes. Crosslink of ILT-11 on the surface of monocytes has been shown to induce calcium flux and secretion of several

Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells.

Hematopoietic growth factor capable of stimulating the proliferation of lymphoid progenitors. It is important for proliferation during certain stages of B-cell maturation.

Cytokine that contributes to the inflammatory response in vivo.

Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform ', ' binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth. Binding to NRP1 receptor initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron axon guidance and cell body migration, including for the caudal migration of facial motor neurons from rhombomere 4 to rhombomere 6 during embryonic development. Also binds the DEAR/FBXW7-AS1 receptor.

Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33 also known as Sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 3, CD33 antigen or Siglec-3, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and SIGLEC (sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin) family. This Single-pass type I membrane protein contains 1 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain and 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. CD33 /Siglec-3 is a putative adhesion molecule of myelomonocytic-derived cells that mediates sialic-acid dependent binding to cells. CD33 /Siglec-3 preferentially binds to alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid. The sialic acid recognition site may be masked by cis interactions with sialic acids on the same cell surface. In the immune response, may act as an inhibitory receptor upon ligand induced tyrosine phosphorylation by recruiting cytoplasmic phosphatase(s) via their SH2 domain(s) that block signal transduction through dephosphorylation of signaling molecules. CD33/Siglec-3 induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (in vitro). CD33/S

Receptor on natural killer (NK) cells for HLA-C alleles. Inhibits the activity of NK cells thus preventing cell lysis.

Cytokine that can act as a growth factor for activated T and NK cells, enhance the lytic activity of NK/lymphokine-activated killer cells, and stimulate the production of IFN-gamma by resting PBMC.