Results for Peptides & Amino Acids ( 10748 )
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Osteocalcin (OC) is a 49 amino acid peptide found exclusively in bone tissue and is highly conserved among species. It is a vitamin K- and D-dependent protein produced by osteoblasts, osteocytes and odontoblasts. It is deposited in extracellular bone matrix and is found in the serum. Serum osteocalcin, hydrolysed in the kidney and liver, is considered a specific marker of osteoblast activity and bone formation rate. It may be involved in regulation of osteoblast function, regulation of bone turnover and/or mineralization.
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Akt is a serine/threonine kinase that enhances cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis when activated. Akt associates with PI(3,4,5)P3) at the cell membrane through its pleckstrin homology domain and is activated through phosphorylation. 3-Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) has been shown to first phosphorylate Akt at Thr308, then a second kinase phosphorylates Akt at position Ser473. In turn, Akt phosphorylates a host of proteins including the proapoptotic proteins BAD and pro-caspase-9, GSK3, p21WAF1, MDM2, and the forkhead (FKHR) family of transcription factors.