Lipids

Stigmasterol, a common unsaturated phytosterol found in plants, is a tetracyclic triterpene. It contains an extra double bond between C-22 and C-23, along with a C-24 ethyl group. These structural features influence the size, mRNA encapsulation efficiency (EE), and transfection efficiency of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Stigmasterol's prevalence in various natural sources, including vegetable fats and oils, makes it a significant component with potential applications in improving gene transfection processes.

Campesterol, a phytosterol akin to cholesterol, features a shorter alkyl tail due to a C-24 methyl group. As a C-24 alkyl derivative, its tail and body variances impact the size, mRNA encapsulation efficiency (EE), and transfection efficiency of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), enhancing its ability to potentially improve gene transfection capabilities.

Fucosterol, found abundantly in seaweed, exhibits limited flexibility in its tail due to unsaturation of the ethyl group. As a C-24 alkyl derivative, its tail and body variations influence the size, mRNA encapsulation efficiency (EE), and transfection efficiency of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). This characteristic enhances its potential to improve gene transfection capabilities.

Brassicasterol, a 28-carbon sterol, is produced by various unicellular algae (phytoplankton) and certain terrestrial plants. Its tail region contains a C-24 methyl analog with one double bond, providing low rigidity. As a C-24 alkyl derivative, its tail and body variations impact the size, mRNA encapsulation efficiency (EE), and transfection efficiency of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). These structural features influence its potential in gene transfection capabilities.

Ergosterol, a sterol found in fungal cell membranes, plays a role in maintaining membrane integrity, akin to cholesterol in mammals. It features a moderately rigid C-24 methyl analog with one double bond in the tail region and another in the body region. As a C-24 alkyl derivative, its tail and body variations affect the size, mRNA encapsulation efficiency (EE), and transfection efficiency of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs).

Methyltetrazine-PEG3-Dihydrofuran is a PEG linker containing methyltetrazine and dihydrofuran groups. Methyltetrazine is a click chemistry handle which is used to efficiently react with trans-cyclooctenes (TCO). The PEG spacer enhances the hydrophilicity of the molecule.

N-Boc-N-bis(PEG4-Propargyl) is a bifunctional PEG compound containing two terminal alkynes that are combined together at a Boc-protected secondary amine. Terminal alkynes are most commonly used in copper click chemistry with azides to form stable triazoles with the target molecule. The secondary amine may be deprotected under acidic conditions to allow for alkylation at that position, increasing the molecule’s structural complexity. The use of a central amine also allows for hydrogen bonding, further increasing this compound’s water solubility.

BP Lipid 320 is an ionizable amino lipid comprised of three oleic fatty acid tails and a novel pyrrolidine head group four carbon atoms in length. This lipid may be used in the generation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for mRNA delivery. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.

N-(Mal-PEG4)-N-bis(PEG4-N-Boc) is a trifunctional linker with two Boc-protected amines and a maleimide group. Maleimide is a site-specific covalent linker which easily reacts with thiol groups via a simple Michael addition. The amines can be easily deprotected using acidic conditions to allow for coupling with carboxylic acids in the presence of an activator like HATU. The junction combining these functional groups is a tertiary amide, which is highly water soluble through hydrogen bonding effects.