Histology & Microscopy

The Heat Pretreatment Solution (Citric) is intended to be used to heat pretreatment of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens in FISH.

The Heat Pretreatment Solution (EDTA) is intended to be used to heat pretreatment of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens in CISH.

The NBT/BCIP Solution is intended to be used for detection steps in CISH on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens.

The AEC Solution is intended to be used for detection steps in CISH on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens.

The SSC Solution (20x) is intended to be used for washing steps in FISH.

Calcein AM solution is used for live cell staining. Calcein AM is the most suitable fluorescent probe for staining viable cells because of its low cytotoxicity. Calcein does not inhibit any cellular functions such as proliferation or chemotaxis of lymophocyte. The excitation and emission wavelengths of calcein are 490 nm and 515 nm, respectively.

CytoRed solution is used for live cell staining. CytoRed is cell membrane permeable and accumulates inside of viable cells as resorufin. CytoRed has a much wider spectrum than BCECF or Calcein, so filters for fluorescein and rhodamine can also be used. The excitation and emission wavelengths of resorufin are 560 nm and 590 nm, respectively.

DAPI solution is used for dead cell staining. DAPI is utilized for the detection of mitochondrial DNA in yeast, chloroplast DNA, virus DNA, micoplasm DNA and chromosomal DNA. The excitation and emission wavelengths of DAPI-DNA complex are 360 nm and 460 nm, respectively.

PI solution is used for dead cell staining. Propidium iodide (PI) is an ethidium bromide analog that emits red fluorescence upon intercalation with double-stranded DNA. PI does not permeate viable cell membranes, but passes through disturbed cell membranes and stains the nuclei. PI is often used in combination with a fluorescein compound, such as Calcein AM or FDA, for simultaneous staining of viable and dead cells. The excitation and emission wavelengths of PI-DNA complex are 535 nm and 615 nm, respectively.