Chemicals & Small Molecules

Farnesyl pyrophosphate (Farnesyl diphosphate), a 15-carbon isoprenoid from the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, functions as a metabolic intermediary and TRPM2 (TRP Channel) agonist, facilitating TRPM2 channel opening and ion influx. It is crucial in synthesizing cholesterol, ubiquinones, and geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), and in protein farnesylation decoration [1].

TRFS-green, a highly selective off-on fluorescent probe, is designed for the specific imaging of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in living cells, exhibiting its maximum absorbance at approximately 373 nm [1].

Mesembrine ((+)-Mesembrine), a primary alkaloid distinguished by its aryloctahydroindole structure, acts as a potent 5-HT transporter inhibitor with an inhibition constant (K i) of 1.4 nM. Additionally, it demonstrates inhibitory activity against phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) with an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of 7.8 μM [1] [2].

Urolithin D acts as a competitive and reversible antagonist for EphA receptors, displaying selectivity within its class [1].

Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (A2E)is an initiator of blue-light-induced apoptosis . Photoactivation of Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E mediates autophagy and the production of reactive oxygen species [1] [2] .

14:0 EPC chloride, an acyl cationic lipid, is utilized in the formation of liposomes for drug delivery applications [1].

ODN 1826 is a 20-mer DNA strand, a TLR9 agonist and an immunostimulant, with anti-tumor and cardioprotective effects, promoting apoptosis, and stimulating the production of NO and iNOS. ODN 1826 is a CpG DNA mimetic that can be used as an adjuvant for synthetic vaccines.

MS8815, a selective proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), exhibits inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 8.6 nM. It is utilized in the research of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [1].

Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6 phosphorylated, acts as a central metabolite, potent antioxidant, and enzyme substrate by serving as the aminated counterpart to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate. It plays a pivotal role as a cofactor for various enzymes and is a prominent vitamin B6 vitamer. The compound can be interconverted with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate [1].