Peptides & Amino Acids

T22 peptide, also known as [Tyr5,12,Lys7]-polyphemusin II peptide, is a short, positively charged peptide, analog of polyphemusin peptide which exerts a strong anti- HIV activity. Polyphemusins are known to inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria and some fungi such as Candida Albicans. T22 is a potent antagonist of CXCR4 (IC50 = 5.05 nM), a co-receptor used by HIV to penetrate cells. It has been suggested that T22 exerts its effect against HIV-1 especially by blocking virus-cell fusion and that T22 might interact with HIV envelope protein (such as gp120 ) and T-cell surface protein. T22 antiviral activity has been shown on HIV-infected MT-4 cells with an IC50 of 0.008 µg/mL (2.6 nM). The cytotoxic concentration on HIV virus (CC50) of T22 is 54 µg/mL (17 mM).

AT (47-57) peptide, also known as HIV-1 TAT protein, is the most characterized fragment of the HIV transactivator protein (TAT). TAT (47-57) peptide was show to be a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). TAT (47-57) is an arginine-rich peptide which directly penetrates plasma membrane and stabilized DNA. TAT (47-57) has the ability to translocate the plasma membrane and facilitate the delivery of various cargoes such as protein, peptide, antibodies, and liposomes. It represents an important tool to increase the biodistribution of drugs.

Fluorescent TAT peptide.

Thiol-TAT peptide.

Fluorescent TAT peptide.

Clickable TAT peptide.

Clickable and fluorescent TAT peptide.

(Arg)9 is an cell-penetrating peptide made up of 9 arginine residues capable of traversing plasma membranes. It has been shown that Arg9 destabilize and disrupt the phospholipid bilayer allowing flow of ions across the membrane. (Arg)9 peptide plays an important role in efficient cellular uptake. The guanidinium group is a critical structural determinant for tight and rapid interactions with cell membrane. The cationic guanidinium group can form electrostatic interactions with anionic cell membranes components such as phospholipids and sulphated proteoglycans. This interaction can trigger the activation of specific intracellular signalling and cell internalization via various pathways. (Arg)9 peptide is used to deliver a variety of functionally active cargos such as peptides, small interfering RNA, oligonucleotides, plasmid DNA and liposomes into mammalian cells and plant cells with high translocation efficiency. (Arg)9 peptide can also be used to form chemical linkages with the cargo

Fluorescent Arg9 peptide.