Peptides & Amino Acids

CD20 (188-196) is a short part of a membrane phosphoprotein, CD20, which is expressed on the surface of B cells. CD20 receptor is an important target for immunotherapy against B cell lymphoma. CD20 epitopes are used in antibodies CD20 production, such as the production of the first monoclonal antibody to be approved for the treatment of lymphoma. Applications of CD20 (188-196): CD20 (188-196) is involved in research to generate cytotoxic T lymphocytes and stimulate CTL responses against B cell diseases. The production of specific T cells and IFN-γ are quantified by ELISPOT. CD20 (188-196) has been identified as a highly immunogenic HLA-A2 restricted peptide. Results suggest that CD20 (188-196) may serve in immunotherapeutic strategies especially for vaccine development against certain type of blood cancer. CD20 (188-196) is also used in research on cell therapy as target for T cell receptor. In fact, T cells are modified in vivo to express specific T cell receptor and then inject modi

CMV pp65 protein: CMV pp65 (120-129) is an epitope of the main component of the enveloped subviral particle pp65 (phosphoprotein ppUL83) of Cytomegalovirus, a member of herpes virus group. CMV pp65 antigens are used as target for the diagnosis of concomitant CMV end-organ disease. Applications of CMV pp65 (120-129): CMV pp65 (120-129) HLA-A*02:01-restricted is an immunodominant target of CD4+ and CD8+ responses to CMV. CMV pp65 (120-129) is used to stimulate in vitro pp65-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in PBMCs and to analyze by ELISPOT peptide epitope specificity and cytokine production like IFN-γ, IL-2 and TFN-α.

NY-ESO-1 (157-165) C165V – SLLMWITQV – General analogue epitope of tumor cells HLA-A*02 Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) allele HLA-A*02 allele is expressed in class I Human MHC Leukocyte Antigens (HLA), that are cell surface receptors, presenting peptides to the immune system. If a non-self-peptide is recognized by cytotoxic T-cells in the blood, cell death will be initiated via apoptosis. NY-ESO-1 protein Peptides presented by MHC class I molecule, are usually between 7 and 11 amino acids, originating from proteins expressed by the cell. SLLMWITQV peptide differes from the New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1 : UniProt – P78358) native SLLMWITQC peptide, whose protein is part of a well-characterized group of cancer/testis antigens (CTAs). Normally, NY-ESO-1 expression is restricted to germ cells and placental cells. However it is also expressed in 82% of neuroblastomas and 46% of melanomas, as well as in many other solid tumors and hematologica

NY-ESO-1 protein: NY-ESO-1 (123-137) DRB1*04:01 is an epitope analogue of the New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-1, also named cancer testis. NY-ESO-1 is expressed in 82% of neuroblastomas and 46% of melanomas but also in many others solid tumors and hematological malignancies. That’s why, NY-ESO-1 peptides are attractive targets for specific immunotherapies and for the stimulation of human NY-ESO-1 specific CD8+ T cells. Applications of NY-ESO-1 (123-137) DRB1*04:01: Results of studies suggest after stimulation of NY-ESO-1 (123-137) DRB1*04:01 specific T cells and IFN- ELISPOT and chronium release assays that NY-ESO-1 (123-137) DRB1*04:01 can be an immunogenic epitope encoded by NY-ESO-1. NY-ESO-1 (123-137) DRB1*04:01 contains epitope capable of binding HLA-DR molecules.

MAGE-A1 protein: MAGE-A1 (278-286) is an epitope of Melanoma Antigen Gene A1 expressed by tumors of different histological types such as on the surface of breast carcinoma cell and is a Cancer/Testis Antigens (CTA). MAGE-A1 is a tumor antigen expressed in 40% of melanoma and contains epitope for binding HLA-A*02:01 molecules and that are recognized by cytotoxic T cells. Applications of MAGE-A1 (278-286): MAGE-A1 (278-286) is used to stimulate specific cytotoxic T cells in PBMCs and to analyze by ELISPOT peptide epitope specificity and cytokine production like IFN-γ. Immunogenicity of MAGE-A1 (278-286) raised the possibility of developing anticancer immunotherapies or vaccinations. MAGE-A1 is also expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and studies suggest that MAGE-A1 may serve to develop Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy using lentiviral vector and show an encouraging tumor-inhibitory efficacy.

HER-2/neu protein: HER-2/neu (85-94) is an epitope from the extracellular region of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2, receptor tyrosine kinase, also known as CD340, ERBB2 and proto-oncogene Neu. HER-2/neu contains a binding domain for HLA-A*02:01 molecule. It has been demonstrated that the over-expression of HER-2/neu plays an important role in the development and progression in primary breast cancer but also in ovarian colorectal and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. HER-2/neu has become an important biomarker and target of therapy for 30% of breast cancer patients. Applications of HER-2/neu (85-94): HER-2/neu (85-94) has shown its capacity to induce both cellular and humoral immune response in vivo. HER-2/neu (85-94) is used to analyze specific cytotoxic CD8 T cells responses, it has been demonstrated by ELISPOT analyses that the stimulation of cytotoxic T cells in PBMCs by HER-2/neu (85-94) produce IFN-γ against cancer cell expressing HLA-A*02:01 molecules and HER-2/neu. It has b

Survivin protein: Survivin, also called BIRC5, is a member of the apoptosis inhibitor protein family containing a baculovirus domain. Survivin is overexpressed in most human cancers but rarely express in normal differentiated adult tissues. Survivin protein inhibits caspase activation leading to negative regulation of cell death and promote cell proliferation. Survivin localizes in G2/M phase in cell cycle and interacts with tubulin during mitosis. It has been demonstrated that Survivin expression seems to be regulated by the tumor protein p53. Human Survivin contains HLA-A*02:01 binding motifs. Applications of A*02:01/Human Survivin (LMLGEFLKL): A*02:01/Human Survivin (LMLGEFLKL) is an altered peptide of A*02:01/Human Survivin (LTLGEFLKL) which binds the HLA molecules with higher affinity. A*02:01/Human Survivin (LMLGEFLKL) HLA-A*02:01-restricted can be recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes on MHC I. Therefore, A*02:01/Human Survivin (LMLGEFLKL) may serve as a target for therapeutics

MAGE-A protein: MAGE-A p248V9, also kwon as multi-MAGE-A (YLEYRQVPV) is an epitope of Melanoma Antigen Gene expressed by tumors of different histological types and is a Cancer/Testis Antigens (CTA). Type of MAGE-A expressed in tumors cells varies according to the type of tumor. Targeting epitopes shared by all MAGE-A antigens would be interest in immunotherapy against a broad spectrum of cancers. Applications of MAGE-A p248V9 (multi-MAGE-A) : MAGE-A p248V9 is very useful because it could generate an HLA-A*02:01-restricted CTL response and shared by MAGE-A1,-A2,-A3,-A4,-A6,-A10 and -A12. MAGE-A p248V9 is used to stimulate specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in PBMCs and then to analyze CTL response especially the cytokine production by ELISPOT assay.

Tyrosinase protein: Peptide Tyrosinase (Asp371) – HLA-A*0201 (YMDGTMSQV) is a human tyrosinase-derived (369-377) peptide by posttranslational conversion of the sequence YMNGTMSQV. Tyrosinase is an oxidase membrane-bound protein. Tyrosinase play a key role in the melanin synthesis pathway. Tyrosinase is presented on the surface of HLA-A*02:01 melanomas and also expressed in melanocytes. Tyrosinase has been still suggested to be a tumor antigen and might be implicated in improvement of immunotherapeutic strategies such as for efficient anticancer vaccine development. Applications of Peptide Tyrosinase (Asp371) – HLA-A*0201 (YMDGTMSQV): Peptide Tyrosinase (Asp371) – HLA-A*0201 (YMDGTMSQV) is used to stimulate specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in PBMCs and then to analyze CTL response especially the cytokine production by ELISPOT assay. Peptide Tyrosinase (Asp371) – HLA-A*0201 (YMDGTMSQV) is also involved in experimental therapies of metastatic melanoma by allogeneic hematopoietic